Operating System (by Naseema Shaikh)

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Operating System

-An operating system is the system software that works as an interface to enable the user to communicate with the computer. It manages and coordinate with functioning of hardware and software of the computer. The commonly used operating system are Microsoft Windows, Linux, and Apple Mac OS X. 


-The operating system is a program with the following feature.

-An operating system is a program that acts as an interface between the software and the computer hardware.

-It is an integrated set of specialized programs used to manage overall resources and operations of the computer.

-It is a specialized software that controls and monitors the execution of all other programs that reside in the computer, including application programs and other system software.









OBJECTIVES OF OPERATING SYSTEM: -

-The objective of the operating is:

1)To make the computer system convenient to use in an efficient manner.

2)To hide the details of the hardware resources from the users.

3)To provide users a convenient interface to use the computer system.

4)To act as an intermediary between the hardware and its users, making it easier for the users to access and use other resources.

5)To manage the resources of a computer system.

6)To keep track of who is using which resource, granting resource requests and mediating comforting requests from different programs and users.

7)To provide efficient and fair sharing of resources among users and programs.


#Characteristics of Operating System.

-Memory Management: - Keeps track of the primary memory, i.e. what part of it is in use by whom, what part is not in use etc, and allocates the memory when a process or program requests it.

-Processor Management: - Allocates the processor (CPU) to a process and deallocates the processor when it is no longer required.

-Device Management: - Keeps track of all devices. this is also called I/O controller that decides which process gets the device, when and how much time.

-File Management: - Allocates and de-allocates the resources and devices who gets the resources.

-Security: - prevents unauthorized access to programs and data by means of passwords and other similar techniques.


-As the name suggests, an operating system is a type of software without which you cannot operate or run a computer. It acts as an intermediary or translation system between computer hardware and application programs installed on the computer. In other words, you cannot directly use computer programs with computer hardware without having a medium to establish a connection between them.

-Besides this, it is also an intermediary between the computer user and computer hardware as it provides a standard user interface that you see on your computer screen after you switch on your computer for example, the windows and the Mac OS are also operating systems that provides a graphical interface with icons and pictures to enable users to access multiple files and application simultaneously.

-So, although the operating system is itself a program or software, it allows users to run other program or software, it allows users to run another program or. application and the system, we can say that it works behind the screens to run your computer.

 



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