Transmission Media

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Transmission Media

In data communication terminology, a transmission medium is a physical path between the transmitter and the receiver it is the channel through which data is sent from one place to another. Transmission media is broadly classified into the following types:

Types of transmission media:

Guided Media

1)Twisted pair cable

2)Coaxial cable

3)Optical fibre cable

Unguided Media

1)Radio waves

2)Microwave

3)Infrared

1.Guided Media

It is also referred to as wired or bounded transmission media. Signals being transmitted are directed and confined in a narrow pathway by using physical links features.

-High speed

-Secure

-Used for comparatively shorter distances.

-Use for comparatively shorter distances

-There are three major types of guided media

1)Twisted pair cable

It consists of two separately insulated conductor wires wound about each other generally, several such pairs are bundled together in a protective sheath. They are the most widely used transmission media. Twisted pair is of two types.

#Unshielded twisted pair (UTP)

This type of cable has the ability to block interference and does not depend on a physical shield for this purpose it is used for telephonic applications. 

#Shielded Twisted Pair (STP)

This type of cable of a special jacket to block external interference. It is used in fast-data-rate ethernet and in voice and data channels of telephone lines.

2)Coaxial cable

It is an outer plastic covering containing two parallel conductors each having a separate insulated protection cover coaxial cable transmits information in two modes: Baseband mode (dedicated cable bandwidth) and broadband mode (cable bandwidth is split into separate ranges). cable TV and analogy television networks widely use coaxial cables.

Advantages:

-High Bandwidth

-Better noise immunity

-Easy to install and expand

-Inexpensive

Disadvantages:

Single cable failure can disrupt the wire network.

3)Optical fibre cable

It uses the concept of reflection of light through a core made up of glass or plastic. The core is surrounded by a less dense glass or plastic covering called the clouding It is used for transmission of large volumes of data advantages.

Advantages

-Increase capacity and bandwidth

-light weight

-Less signal attention.

-Immunity to electromagnetic interference

-Resistance to corrosive materials

Disadvantages

-Difficult to install and maintain.

-High cost

2.Unguided Media

It is also referred to as wireless or unbounded transmission media, no physical medium is required for the transmission of electromagnetic signals features.

-Signal is broad casted through air

-Less secure

-used for large distance

There are three major types of unguided media.


 





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